Anniv. of First Civil War Battle, Wilmer McLean, & Sullivan Ballou

Civil War Cemetery

On July 21, 1861, the First Battle of Bull Run — or First Battle of Manassas — was fought in Virginia. It was the first major battle of the Civil War. A little less than a thousand men were killed on the battlefield, and a few thousand were injured or missing.

Impact of the Battle

The North was shocked that they effectively lost, and both sides suddenly realized that the upcoming war was going to be much longer and brutal than they had expected during their early rallies.

The war touched many families during the next four years.  And the First Battle of Bull Run touched many too, including the families of Wilmer McLean and Sullivan Ballou.

Wilmer McLean

Wilmer McLean was touched by this start of the war as well as the end of the war. During this first battle of the Civil War, Confederate Brigadier General P.G.T. Beauregard set up his headquarters in the farmhouse owned by the 47-year-old McLean. During the battle, McLean’s house was hit by a shell.

After the battle, McLean decided to move his family farther from the war. So, he packed up his family and moved from northern Virginia to a small town in southern Virginia. His new home was in Appomattox Court House, Virginia.

But he could not escape the war.  Just as his home was at the beginning of the war, so would it be at the end of the war.  On April 9, 1965, General Ulysses S. Grant and General Robert E. Lee used McLean’s home in Appomattox Court House to sign the terms of the surrender of the Civil War. Although this time McLean’s house was not hit by shells of battle, much of his house was soon ransacked by souvenir hunters.

Sullivan Ballou’s Letter and Bull Run

The documentary series The Civil War (1990) by Ken Burns is an astounding piece of television. A moving segment from the series is the reading of a letter written by Sullivan Ballou to his wife before the First Battle of Bull Run.

It is difficult to believe that Ballou’s letter was written by a soldier and not by a poet or a famous writer. But in reality, Major Ballou was well educated and had worked as a lawyer and as an elocution teacher. He also had served as speaker in the Rhode Island House of Representatives.

Below, is a video from Burns’s series that features Ballou’s letter. Actor Paul Roebling, who passed away in 1994, reads the letter accompanied by the music “Ashokan Farewell,” which was composed by Jay Ungar in 1982

I always get something in my eye somewhere around the time the letter gets to: “How gladly would I wash out with my tears every little spot upon your happiness, and struggle with all the misfortune of this world, to shield you and my children from harm. But I cannot. I must watch you from the spirit land and hover near you, while you buffet the storms with your precious little freight, and wait with sad patience till we meet to part no more.”

Ken Burns has explained that it appears the Ballou letter was saved for future generations by friends of Ballous’ family.  At some point, friends of the Ballou family began copying the letter by hand and passing it around in those pre-Internet days.

Sullivan Ballou’s original handwritten letter is lost to history, as the letter probably was buried with his wife. But it is fortunate that the words were not lost. His personal words help us to better understand the impact of the First Battle of Bull Run, the Civil War, and, by extension, all wars.

Bonus Version of Sullivan Ballou Letter: I imagine the organizers of this reading were very moved when they heard the letter read in the Ken Burns series and wanted to do a nice tribute. But in the future, high schools should note that the intimacy of the letter is lost with a guy yelling Ballou’s words while a college pep band plays during a half-time break at a basketball game.

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    Van Morrison: Til I Gain Control Again

    Van Morrison Pay the Devil In addition to all of his other musical accomplishments, the Northern-Ireland-born Van Morrison is one of the greatest living interpreters of American music, be it blues, jazz, or R&B. One of his best albums in recent years is Pay the Devil (2006), where the entire CD is devoted to country music. And a standout track on the album is Rodney Crowell’s “Til I Gain Control Again,” which first appeared on Crowell’s 1981 self-titled album.

    “Til I Gain Control Again” is a beautiful song about love and heartbreak, where the singer realizes that it is too late to plead for reconciliation but is not yet able to let go. So the singer’s request is not for promises or for a future, but merely “I only hope that you can hold me now /Til I can gain control again.” Crowell has explained that the line, “There are some turns where I will spin,” means that the despair will happen again (“I’ll always pass this way again”). There may not be a sadder song about love’s end.

    Crowell wrote the song not long after he first arrived in Nashville, and has explained he wrote it in sort of a “three-day trance” where it was like the song came to him from another dimension. He also noted that one of the reasons he wrote the song was to get the attention of another great songwriter, Townes Van Zandt. An article from the New York Observer has a good interview with Crowell, where the article’s author concludes that “Til I Gain Control Again” is “one of those songs that are strong enough to change your life.”

    Crowell’s version is fantastic, and there are several excellent covers by other great artists. Emmylou Harris was the first to record the song, which appeared on her 1975 album, Elite Hotel. Other artists who have covered the song include Waylon Jennings, Raul Malo, Albert Lee, and Willie Nelson.

    Interestingly, in an interview on Texas Monthly‘s One By Willie podcast, Crowell explained how his favorite version is a studio recording by Willie Nelson where Crowell sang background. Unfortunately, that version is not widely available, appearing only on an out-of-print album sold as a bonus when people ordered by mail Nelson’s IRS Tapes. Instead, Nelson has released several live versions of the “Til I Gain Control Again.”

    This live version below has both Willie and Emmylou. Check it out.

    Crystal Gayle had the biggest hit with “Til I Gain Control Again,” taking it to number one in 1982. If you want something different, This Mortal Coil does an interesting sort of Goth Emo version.

    It is hard to pick a favorite version, but Van Morrison’s voice and interpretation give a soulful spin on “Til I Gain Control Again.” Although most of the artists who have recorded the song come from the country genre, Morrison does something a little different with the song, taking a brilliant song with so many excellent covers and making it his own.

    What is your favorite version of “Til I Gain Control Again”? Leave a comment.

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    An Industry Attempts to Prevent Gasland from Winning an Oscar (Mad Movies)

    {Note: On February 21, 2011, Chimesfreedom posted the following discussion of the documentary Gasland, but for some reason the blog post disappeared in early July 2011. The web hosting company does not know what happened, so we are re-posting the review, which is still relevant in light of recent debates in states like New York on the practice of fracking.}

    With this post and a post about The Tillman Story, Chimesfreedom starts a series on “Movies that Make Us Mad.” These movies expose information that we might not otherwise know about, revealing misinformation, lies, and hidden stories that make us angry.

    Gasland movie With the Academy Awards later this week, we are starting with a movie that has an industry so upset the industry is trying to prevent the film from winning an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. The movie is Gasland (2010), a documentary about the natural gas industry that is available on DVD and Blu Ray.

    The movie begins with the filmmaker, Josh Fox, getting an offer of more than $100,000 from gas companies to be allowed to drill on his land, and the offer sets him off on a cross-country journey. Fox visits the homes of a number of people who claim to have been affected by natural gas companies in their areas. The movie explains how the gas companies drill into the ground and then pump tons of water mixed with numerous chemicals into the ground to get the natural gas. The homeowners in the movie claim to be affected by the air pollutants and they show the effects on their drinking water, ranging from health problems, livestock and animals losing hair and dying, and being able to light the gas coming out of their water faucets.

    America’s Natural Gas Alliance, i.e, the natural gas industry, has responded to the documentary by saying there is no link between their drilling for oil and the problems shown in the movie. One oil and gas industry organization has even tried to get the Motion Picture Academy to revoke its best documentary Oscar nomination for the movie.

    While watching the movie, I did wonder what the other side to the story was, as things are not always black and white. There is a problem sometimes with taking anecdotal evidence, such as a few people having contaminated water, and drawing a big conclusion without using the scientific method to reach that conclusion. But there is also a problem that individuals have no power, and big industry has all the power. That’s why movies like Gasland are important. Even though the truth may be somewhere between the self-interested response of the gas companies and the stories shown in the movie, the documentary is an insightful look that raises important issues that most of us probably never would think about otherwise.

    The gas industry memo does not respond to the information in the movie about how the industry was made exempt from several national environmental laws by a bill that Pres. George W. Bush signed into law in 2005. The movie also asserts that the exemption benefited the vice-president’s former company, Halliburton, which developed the drilling technology of “fracking” or hydraulic fracturing which involves using high pressure to fracture shale to release the gas underground.

    The movie does an excellent job of telling the stories of individuals in middle America who are largely powerless against corporate interests. By contrast, the state of New York worked toward a moratorium on shale gas drilling [July 2011 Update: It now looks like New York may allow this type of drilling]. Most importantly, the movie makes you more aware of the issue and want to learn more. And it makes you mad. Fracking mad.

    Did you see the movie? What did you think? Leave a comment.

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    10 Reasons Hope Floats is a Guilty Pleasure

    Hope FloatsHope Floats (1998) is not one of the greatest movies of all time, but it is one of those movies that I find myself watching whenever it pops up on TV. While the critics’ evaluation of the movie puts it at a low 25% “liked it” on the Tomatometer on Rotten Tomatoes, the audience puts it at a respectable 73% “liked it.” Why are regular audience members right on this movie and the critics so wrong? Here are ten reasons.

    1. Forest Whitaker directs the movie, and does an excellent job. The well-known actor may have been an unusual choice to direct this movie, but he captures the atmosphere of a small town in Texas, perhaps because he was born in Texas. There are excellent shots throughout the movie, and as someone who has spent some time in the Lone Star State, I think he does a great job capturing some of the beauty of the area. He should direct more often.

    2. Sandra Bullock gives one of her best performances as Birdee Pruitt. Bullock fits comfortably in the role of a likeable former small-town girl who was a cheerleader and “Queen of Corn.” She explains how the story attracted her to take the role in this video interview.

    3. The movie includes a musical performance by Jack Ingram, who is playing at a dance scene. Ingram started out playing country music in Texas bars in the early 1990s. A friend introduced me to Ingram in the late 1990s when Ingram released some excellent CDs. Live at Adair’s (1996) is a great live album. More recently, Ingram got a trendy haircut and had more commercial success with songs like “Love You.” The Academy of Country Music gave him a top “new” male artist award in 2008, about a decade too late. But it is great he’s still making good music.

    4. Speaking of musicians, Harry Connick, Jr. shows off his acting chops as Justin Matisse in Hope Floats. Connick has a lot of personality and it comes through in his performance here. Sure, he is not playing Hamlet or another great part, but he fits the role like a comfortable glove and is believable.

    5. The rest of the cast is engaging too. The movie has Gena Rolands, who has been acting since the late 1950s and has an impressive resume of outstanding roles. She’s great here as Bullock’s mother. And Mae Whitman is able to make us laugh while at other times conveying the pain of a child with parents going through a divorce.

    6. The movie has a number of elements that make it hard to classify. There are some laughs, but it is not a light-hearted romantic comedy. It is a Hollywood movie and it is not gritty, but there are several genuine moments in the movie about small-town life, death, divorce, and home.

    7. The film has an excellent scene at the employment office when a former classmate gives Birdee (Bullock) her comeuppance for her popularity in high school. Neither person is played as a stereotype, and viewers find themselves sympathetic to both characters.

    8. Two touching dance scenes illustrate romance, childhood, aging, and starting again: Birdie dances with her father, who has had a stroke and is in a nursing home, and she dances with Justin at the bar.

    9. “Beginnings are scary. Endings are usually sad. But it’s the middle that counts the most.”

    10. The soundtrack works, and the movie includes “Make You Feel My Love.” The song, sung here by Garth Brooks, is one of Bob Dylan’s later career classic songs, as we discussed recently on Chimesfreedom. In the case of both the song and the movie, the fans are right and the critics are wrong.

    Is Hope Floats a bad sappy movie or is it a guilty pleasure? Leave a comment.

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    Ruth Ellis: Dance With A Stranger

    Dance With A Stranger, Ruth Ellis On this date in 1955, Great Britain hanged Ruth Ellis, who became the last woman executed in the United Kingdom. Ellis was convicted of murdering race-car driver David Blakely. Ellis and Blakely had an affair that sometimes became violent, including one time when Blakely hit Ellis in the stomach causing her to miscarriage. Ellis, a married night club hostess, was found guilty of shooting Blakely to death outside a pub in North London. She emptied the bullets in her revolver into his body and then asked someone to call the police. She immediately gave a full confession.

    After the jury convicted the 28-year-old Ellis of intentional murder, she automatically received the death penalty. She was hanged at Holloway Prison. As in the modern United States, executions of women often seem to highlight for some the barbarity of the death penalty. In Ellis’s case, thousands of people protested the planned execution.

    Although more men were hanged after Ellis, she was the last woman hanged in Great Britain. The last men were hanged in 1964, as England, Scotland, and Wales banned the death penalty for murder in 1965. In 1973, Northern Ireland banned capital punishment, and in 1998 Great Britain banned executions for all crimes, including treason.

    I just learned there is a movie about the case, Dance With A Stranger (1985). It does not appear to be available on Netflix, but is available other places. Dance With A Stranger stars Miranda Richardson, Rupert Everett, and Ian Holm. If you have seen the movie, leave a comment. It seems to have received pretty good reviews by critics. Ellis is also portrayed in the movie Pierrepoint: The Last Hangman(2006).

    The murder of Blakely and the hanging of Ellis led to other tragedies. According to a detailed Wikipedia article, Ellis’s husband, George Ellis, hanged himself a few years later. Ruth Ellis’s son by another man, who was 10 when his mother was hanged, suffered psychological problems after the execution and eventually killed himself in 1982. Ruth’s sister Muriel Jakubait has worked unsuccessfully to clear her sister’s name, although many have argued that Ellis suffered from battered spouse syndrome and post-traumatic stress disorder.

    Albert Pierrepoint, the official hangman of Great Britain who hanged Ellis, wrote in 1974 “that executions solve nothing.” The United Kingdom eventually agreed, but it was too late for Ruth Ellis. More details on the case are available on the TruTV website.

    Have you seen Dance with a Stranger? Leave a comment.

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